2nd
Six Weeks Practice TAKS Test (2010)
These
are the TEKS covered in this review:
For BIOLOGY 6: The
student knows the structures and functions of nucleic acids in the mechanisms
of genetics. The student is expected to
(A)
describe components of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),
and illustrate how information for specifying the traits of an organism is
carried in the DNA;
(B)
explain replication, transcription, and translation
using models of DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA); and
(C)
identify and illustrate how changes in DNA cause
mutations and evaluate the significance of these changes.
And for IPC 9: The student knows how solution chemistry is a part of
everyday life. The student is expected to
(D) demonstrate how various factors influence solubility
including temperature, pressure, and nature of the solute and solvent.
01. A female spring peeper frog produces 200 eggs
through parthenogenesis. If all the eggs hatch, they will produce
F 50 females and 150 males
G 100 females and 100 males
H 150 females and 50 males
J 200 females and 0 males
02. Which of the following
properties causes attraction between molecules of liquid water?
A Acidity
B Polarity
C Density
D Viscosity
03. Water molecules generally have
which effect on a soluble ionic compound mixed into water?
F They remove electrons from the
compound.
G They break the bonds between the
ions.
H They change the ionic bonds to
covalent bonds.
J They add protons to the ionic
nuclei.
04. The illustration shows the transcription
process. What is the main purpose of the structure labeled W?
F Carrying instructions for protein
synthesis
G Transforming into a protein
H Replacing damaged DNA
J Passing traits to offspring
05. A change within a single base
pair in DNA is least likely to be observable if the change affects —
A the production of a stop codon
B
an unexpressed recessive trait
C actions of a codominant
allele
D the expression of a sex-linked
trait
06. Proteins are produced
according to a special code found in the control center of the cell. Which of
these molecules carries this code?
A
DNA
B ATP
C Glucose
D Lipid
07. Water acts as a solvent of
ionic compounds because —
F water is liquid over a wide range
of temperatures
G
water molecules are polar
H water is found in three states of
matter
J water takes the shape of its
container
08. Which of these remains the
same while water molecules go through the water cycle?
F The ratio of oxygen to hydrogen in the
molecules
G The rate of vibration of the
molecules
H The kinds of dissolved substances
between the molecules
J The amount of energy the molecules
can absorb
09. Which of these best explains
how mutation can be beneficial to an organism?
A
Phenotypic change may create an advantage over other organisms.
B Recombined genetic material
improves genotype stability.
C Mitosis becomes a favored means of
reproduction.
D Deoxyribose sugars develop into additional
nucleotides.
10. Power plants that discharge
warm water into rivers have a negative effect on aquatic life. This is because
the higher water temperature —
A increases the pressure of the
river water
B increases the pH value of the
river water
C decreases sediment solubility in
the river water
D
decreases the dissolved oxygen in the river water
11. Which characteristic of water
best explains its ability to dissolve a great variety of materials?
A
Its transparency in light
B Its electrical conductivity
C Its physical state of matter
D
Its molecular arrangement
12. Sickle-cell anemia is a
disorder resulting from a mutation that leads to the production of an abnormal
protein. Which component of the DNA molecule provides instructions for the
production of the protein?
A
The phosphate groups
B The sugar molecules
C
The sequence of nitrogen bases
D The bonds that hold the sugars to
the bases
13. Erwin Chargaff studied the DNA
of organisms within a single species. Chargaff discovered that the amount of
adenine is about equal to the amount of thymine. Which of these explains why
the ratio of adenine to thymine
is nearly 1:1?
A Adenine and thymine pair with
each other.
B Adenine binds with phosphates,
while thymine binds with nitrates.
C Adenine and thymine are identical
in chemical composition.
D Adenine bases contain a form of thymin
14. A deletion of a DNA base from
a gene affects an organism by —
F causing future gametes to have
additional chromosomes
G changing the sequence of amino
acids in a protein
H causing chromosome fragments to
form long chains
J changing the structure of ribose
sugar in nucleic acids
15. Which of the following must
occur before DNA replication can take place?
A Translation of DNA into amino
acids
B Separation of the DNA molecule
into codons
C Transformation of DNA into RNA
D Separation of the DNA double helix
16. Which of the following is a
change that could be passed on to an organism’s offspring?
F Damage to the DNA of gamete cells
G Damage to skin cells from exposure
to sunlight
H Damage to DNA in the cytoplasm of
cheek cells
J Damage to hair pigment cells with
permanent dyes
17. All of the following are found
in a DNA molecule except —
A
carbon dioxide
B deoxyribose
C nitrogen
D phosphate
18. All of the following are found
in a DNA molecule except —
A
carbon dioxide
B deoxyribose
C nitrogen
D phosphate
19. All of the following are found
in a DNA molecule except —
A
carbon dioxide
B deoxyribose
C nitrogen
D phosphate